Een uitleg die alles combineert wat je nodig hebt:

https://www.newth.net/mars/how-to-set-up-a-raspberry-pi-zero-to-upload-images-to-a-server-via-ftp/

samengevat:

• Foto maken:
  raspistill -o /home/pi/mijnfoto.jpg
  of
  raspistill -o /home/pi/mijnfoto.jpg --annotate 12
  de annotate voegt datum/tijd informatie toe aan bestandsnaam (of beeld?) *(1)
• Met ftp naar een server sturen:
  curl -T /home/pi/mijnfoto.jpg ftp://ftp-host-machine//yourwebsite/folder/mijnfoto.jpg --user yourftpusername:yourpasswd
• (aanpassen om naam met datum te ftp’en)

* 1) Meer over annotate: rapsberrypi.org forum

Een paar stukjes :
https://forums.raspberrypi.com//viewtopic.php?t=110947

Time
–annotate 4

Date
–annotate 8

Time and Date (note, 4 + 8)
–annotate 12

This is the full set of bit fields, try them out!

/// Annotate bitmask options
/// Supplied by user on command line
#define ANNOTATE_USER_TEXT 1
/// Supplied by app using this module
#define ANNOTATE_APP_TEXT 2
/// Insert current date
#define ANNOTATE_DATE_TEXT 4
// Insert current time
#define ANNOTATE_TIME_TEXT 8

#define ANNOTATE_SHUTTER_SETTINGS 16
#define ANNOTATE_CAF_SETTINGS 32
#define ANNOTATE_GAIN_SETTINGS 64
#define ANNOTATE_LENS_SETTINGS 128
#define ANNOTATE_MOTION_SETTINGS 256
#define ANNOTATE_FRAME_NUMBER 512
#define ANNOTATE_BLACK_BACKGROUND 1024

Een stukje discussie bevat:
https://forums.raspberrypi.com//viewtopic.php?f=43&t=97929&p=702712#p702710

OK, Userland updated at https://github.com/6by9/userland/tree/master to include setting text size, colour, and background colour.
One extra parameter “-ae” or “–annotateex” that takes “,,”
eg ” ./build/bin/raspivid -w 1920 -h 1080 -ae 32,0xff,0x808000 -a “Wibble gibber gibber” -a 1025″ has been one of my test commands for black background with white text and size 32.
I’ve just tried it, and -ae 32,0×00,0x8080FF does give black text on a white background.
Size goes from 6 to 160, default is 32. Asking for an invalid size should give you the default.